{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","value":"Parvalbumin is a calcium-binding albumin protein with low molecular weight (typically 9-11 kDa), structurally related to calmodulin and troponin C. Parvalbumin is involved in calcium signaling and plays a role in many physiological processes, namely cell-cycle regulation, second messenger production, muscle contraction, organization of microtubules and phototransduction. Parvalbumin is localized in fast-contracting muscles, where its levels are highest, as well as in the brain and some endocrine tissues. In normal kidneys, parvalbumin has been shown to be limited to the distal tubular and collecting duct intercalated cells. According to literature, parvalbumin is strongly expressed in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and oncocytomas. Alterations in the function of parvalbumin-expressing neurons have been implicated in various areas of clinical interest such as Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive defects."}]}]}