{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","value":"The cytokine C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12), also known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) ,is an inflammatory chemokine involved in phospholipase C, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt-mTOR, and JAK/STAT pathways. CXCL12 interacts with its receptor CXCR4 to promote immunosuppression, chemotaxis, adhesion and migration, cell proliferation and survival. CXCL12 is synthesized by metastasis target tissues and has been shown to attract tumor cells that express the receptor, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), increases likelihood of metastasis to those sites. CXCL12 is highly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor stroma, where it sequesters T cells and prevents them from infiltrating and attacking the tumor."}]}]}