{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","value":"Cyclooxygenase (COX), also known as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase, is the key enzyme required for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Two COX isoforms have been identified, COX-1 and COX-2. In many situations, the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (e.g., in gastric mucosa), whereas COX-2 is highly inducible (e.g., at sites of inflammation and cancer). Pharmacological inhibition of COX by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. The expression of COX-2 is also upregulated in many cancers and is associated with increased microvascular density and angiogenesis."}]}]}