{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","value":"Arginase-1 is the catalyst for the fifth and final step in the urea cycle, which is a series of biochemical reactions in mammals during which the body disposes of harmful ammonia. Arginase-1 works to convert L-arginine into L-ornithine and urea. ARG1 expression is considered a marker of hepatic differentiation and is commonly used in immunohistochemistry to identify hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In normal liver tissue, ARG1 is highly expressed in hepatocytes, while its expression is reduced or absent in non-hepatic tissues. ARG1 expression is frequently observed in hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer. Immunohistochemical staining for ARG1 is used in pathology to confirm the hepatic origin of tumor cells and to differentiate HCC from other types of liver tumors, such as cholangiocarcinoma or metastatic carcinoma. ARG1 expression can also be induced in response to inflammatory stimuli and immune activation. In certain inflammatory conditions, such as asthma, allergic inflammation, and wound healing, ARG1 expression is upregulated in immune cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, as part of the host defense and tissue repair processes."}]}]}