{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","value":"High-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) belongs to the architectural transcription factor HMGA family and is encoded by the HMGA2 gene. HMGA2 plays a role in chromosomal organization and transcriptional regulation. HMGA2 has three basic DNA-binding domains (AT-hooks) that bind to AT rich regions of nuclear DNA and alter the structure of DNA to promote the assembly of protein complexes that regulate transcription. With few exceptions, HMGA2 is expressed in humans only during early development, and is reduced to undetectable levels of transcription in adult tissues. \n Elevated expression of HMGA2 is found in a variety of human cancers, correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis for patients. High HMGA2 expression have been reported in Pituitary Adenoma, Thyroid Carcinoma, Triple-Negative Breast Carcinoma, Breast Carcinoma, Lung Adenocarcinoma, Colorectal Carcinoma, Hepatoblastoma, Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Conventional and Intramuscular Lipoma, Liposarcoma, Gastric, and Ovarian Tumors and other conditions.. HMGA2 is expressed in most conventional and intramuscular lipomas and can aid in differentiating between Lipomas from dedifferentiated Liposarcomas and distinguishing areas of tumor from normal adipose tissue. In Mesenchymal tumors, HMGA2 is expressed in benign Fibrous Histiocytoma, Nodular Fasciitis, and Vulvovaginal Angiomyxoma.. In Thyroid Carcinomas, upregulation of HMGA2 can distinguish between benign and malignant Follicular neoplasias. \n HMGA2 overexpression is often found in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and could be used as a marker for Lung carcinomas."}]}]}