Adenovirus

Adenoviruses belong to the family Adenoviridae. They infect both humans and animals. Adenovirus was first isolated in human adenoids (tonsils), from which the name is derived. Adenoviruses are classified as group I under the Baltimore classification scheme. They are medium-sized (60-90 nm), non-enveloped icosahedral viruses containing double-stranded DNA. There are 51 immunologically distinct human Adenovirus serotypes (6 species: Human Adenovirus A through F) that can cause human infections ranging from respiratory disease (mainly species HAdV-B and C), and conjunctivitis (HAdV-B and D), to gastroenteritis (HAdV-F serotypes 40 and 41).

Symptoms of respiratory illness caused by Adenovirus infection range from the common cold to Pneumonia, Croup, and Bronchitis. Patients with compromised immune systems are especially susceptible to severe complications of Adenovirus infection. This antibody blend will react with all 51 serotypes of Adenovirus.

Adenovirus is a cocktail of mouse monoclonal antibodies derived from cell culture supernatant that is concentrated, dialyzed, filter sterilized and diluted in buffer pH 7.5, containing BSA and sodium azide as a preservative.

1. Wu, Nemerow, Trends Microbiol. 2004;12:162-168.
2. Meier, Greber, J Gene Med. 2004;6:S152-S163.
3. Fenner, Frank J, et al. Veterinary Virology (2nd ed.). Academic Press, Inc. 1993

1. Cut and mount 3-4 micron formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues on positive charged slides.
2. Air dry for 2 hours at 58° C.
3. Deparaffinize, dehydrate and rehydrate tissues.
4. Subject tissues to heat epitope retrieval using a suitable retrieval solution such as ImmunoDNA Retriever with Citrate (BSB 0020-BSB 0023) or EDTA (BSB 0030-BSB 0033).
5. Any of three heating methods may be used:
   • Electric Pressure Cooker
     Place standoff rack at base of pressure cooker. Add 1-2 inches of distilled water to the pressure cooker and turn heat to high, and incubate for 15 minutes. Open and immediately transfer slides to room temperature.
   • Water Bath Method
     Place tissues/slides in a pre-warmed staining dish or coplin jar containing the ImmunoDNA Retriever with Citrate or EDTA in a water bath set at 95°-99° C. Incubate for 30-60 minutes.
   • Conventional Steamer Method
     Place tissues/slides in a pre-warmed staining dish or coplin jar containing the ImmunoDNA Retriever with Citrate or EDTA in a Steamer, cover and steam for 30-60 minutes.
6. After heat treatment, transfer slides in ImmunoDNA Retriever with Citrate or EDTA to room temperature and let stand for 15-20 minutes.
7. Wash slides with IHC wash buffer or DI water.
8. Continue IHC staining protocol.